J-1 Visa Program FAQs (Summary)

General Information

Q1: What is the J-1 Visa?

The J-1 Visa is a non-immigrant visa for individuals approved to participate in work- and study-based exchange visitor programs in the United States.

Q2: Who administers the J-1 Visa Program?

The U.S. Department of State oversees the Exchange Visitor Program, including issuing guidelines and approving designated sponsors.

Q3: What is the purpose of the J-1 Visa?

It promotes cultural exchange, allowing participants to learn about U.S. society and share their own culture.

Q4: How is the J-1 Visa different from other visas?

It’s specifically for exchange programs involving education, training, research, or cultural exchange, unlike work or tourist visas.

Q5: How long can someone stay on a J-1 Visa?

It depends on the program category—ranging from a few weeks (e.g., Summer Work Travel) to several years (e.g., Professors, Researchers, Medical Training).

Eligibility

Q6: Who qualifies for a J-1 Visa?

Eligibility depends on the program category, but generally requires sponsorship by an approved organization and acceptance into an exchange program.

Q7: Can students apply for a J-1 Visa?

Yes, students can participate through designated academic exchange programs.

Q8: Do I need to show financial support?

Yes, applicants must demonstrate sufficient funding for the duration of their program.

Q9: Is English proficiency required?

Yes, unless English is not necessary for the program, participants must prove adequate English proficiency.

Application Process

Q10: How do I apply for a J-1 Visa?

You must first be accepted into a program with a designated sponsor, receive Form DS-2019, and then apply at a U.S. Embassy/Consulate.

Q11: What is Form DS-2019?

It is the "Certificate of Eligibility for Exchange Visitor (J-1) Status" issued by the sponsor.

Q12: What fees are required?

Typically, the SEVIS fee and the non-refundable visa application fee, plus any sponsor-specific costs.

Q13: How long does the application process take?

Processing times vary by embassy and program, but generally 4–8 weeks.

Sponsors & Programs

Q14: What is a J-1 Visa sponsor?

A U.S. organization designated by the Department of State to oversee exchange programs.

Q15: Can I apply for a J-1 Visa without a sponsor?

No, you must have an approved sponsor.

Q16: What program categories are available?

Categories include: Au Pair, Camp Counselor, Intern, Student, Professor, Research Scholar, Short-term Scholar, Specialist, Teacher, Trainee, Physician, Summer Work Travel, and others.

Q17: Can I switch sponsors once in the U.S.?

In some cases, yes, but only with Department of State approval.

Duration & Extensions

Q18: Can a J-1 Visa be extended?

Yes, depending on program rules and sponsor approval, within maximum duration limits set by the category.

Q19: What happens if my program ends early?

Your status ends when your program ends, though you may remain in the U.S. for the 30-day grace period.

Q20: What is the 30-day grace period?

It allows you to prepare for departure but not to work or continue program activities.

Work & Study Rules

Q21: Can J-1 Visa holders work in the U.S.?

Yes, but only in the job or activity authorized by the sponsor.

Q22: Can J-1 students work on campus?

Yes, with sponsor approval, and sometimes limited off-campus employment.

Q23: Can I study on a J-1 Visa?

Yes, if enrolled in an approved exchange program. Dependents (J-2 Visa)

Q24: Who can accompany J-1 Visa holders?

Spouses and unmarried children under 21 may qualify for a J-2 Visa.

Q25: Can J-2 dependents work in the U.S.?

Yes, if they apply for and receive an Employment Authorization Document (EAD).

Q26: Can J-2 dependents study in the U.S.?

Yes, J-2 holders may enroll in part-time or full-time studies.

Two-Year Home Residency Requirement

Q27: What is the two-year home residency rule?

Some J-1 Visa holders must return to their home country for two years after their program before applying for certain U.S. visas or green cards.

Q28: Who is subject to this requirement?

Those whose programs are government-funded, involve specialized skills needed by their home country, or are in medical training.

Q29: Can this requirement be waived?

Yes, through several waiver options such as “No Objection Statement,” hardship, persecution claims, or government agency requests.

Travel & Re-entry

Q30: Can J-1 holders travel outside the U.S. during their program?

Yes, with a valid J-1 Visa, valid passport, and sponsor authorization.

Q31: What documents are needed for re-entry?

Passport, valid J-1 Visa stamp, DS-2019 with travel signature, and proof of continued program participation.

After the Program

Q32: Can I stay in the U.S. after my J-1 program ends?

Only for the 30-day grace period unless you change status.

Q33: Can I change my visa status?

Yes, some J-1 holders may change to another non-immigrant status, depending on eligibility.

Q34: Can I apply for a Green Card while on a J-1 Visa?

Only if not subject to—or after fulfilling/waiving—the two-year home residency rule.

Rights & Responsibilities

Q35: What rights do J-1 participants have?

The right to a safe environment, fair treatment, medical insurance coverage, and access to support from sponsors.

Q36: What responsibilities do J-1 holders have?

To maintain program participation, obey U.S. laws, keep valid documents, and maintain health insurance.

Q37: What happens if I violate J-1 Visa rules?

You risk termination of your program, loss of legal status, and possible future visa restrictions.

Healthcare & Insurance

Q38: Is health insurance required?

Yes, J-1 and J-2 participants must have insurance meeting U.S. Department of State requirements.

Q39: What does the insurance need to cover?

Medical benefits, repatriation of remains, and evacuation coverage, with set minimum amounts. COVID-19 & Other Special Rules

Q40: How did COVID-19 affect J-1 programs?

Some programs experienced suspensions, delays, or virtual components. Rules may vary depending on current health guidance.